FUND RESEARCH · PRICE ≠ PERFORMANCE

Understand funds.
Question the numbers.

A research desk for ETFs, mutual funds, closed-end funds and hedge funds: prices, returns, risk, fees and the evidence behind them.

Data status: educational reference only

No verified fund-price, NAV or hedge-fund performance feed is connected to this page. Live prices, rankings and fund-specific statistics are unavailable—not zero. This page does not sell funds, accept investment money or recommend investments.

Source review: 5 October 2026. Official US resources explain concepts; Irish/EU permissions, eligibility and taxes must be checked separately. A professional-looking statistic is not independent verification.

What does “the price” mean?

ETF / listed closed-end fund

Exchange price is what shares trade for; NAV is the underlying net asset value per share. They can differ. Check bid, ask, spread, currency, exchange, quote time and whether the market is open.

Premium/discount = (market price ÷ NAV − 1) × 100. Compare matching dates and currencies. A discount is not automatically a bargain.

Open-ended mutual fund

Typically priced through calculated NAV, not a continuously traded exchange quote. Dealing cut-offs, valuation dates, share classes and purchase/redemption charges matter.

NAV alone is not total return: distributions and share-class costs must be included.

Private / hedge fund

Manager or administrator reports may be periodic, estimated or restricted. A reported NAV is not necessarily an executable exit price. Check valuation policy, audit, redemption notices, gates and lock-ups.

Public ETF data cannot substitute for private hedge-fund performance.

SEC Investor.gov: closed-end funds and NAV

The metric library

Use the same period, currency, share class and net-of-fee basis before comparing. Higher is not always better. Undefined statistics should remain unavailable.

Return and benchmark

Total return: includes price change and distributions, with an explicit reinvestment assumption. CAGR: (ending wealth ÷ starting wealth)^(1/years) − 1, only for positive wealth and a valid period; external cash flows require an appropriate method.

Benchmark excess: compare with a relevant total-return benchmark over identical dates. Separate live, historical, simulated and paper-forward records.

Drawdown and recovery

Maximum drawdown: largest peak-to-trough decline in a wealth series. Also record time underwater, recovery time, worst month/year and unrecovered losses.

Monthly observations can hide deeper intramonth losses. Missing or smoothed valuations can understate risk.

Volatility, Sharpe and Sortino

Volatility: dispersion of returns, with frequency and annualisation disclosed. Sharpe: excess-return mean divided by its standard deviation, annualised under stated assumptions.

Sortino: return above a stated target divided by downside deviation. Publish the target and convention. Serial correlation, short samples and non-normal tails weaken comparisons; zero denominators are undefined.

Beta, alpha and correlation

Beta: market sensitivity estimated against a specified benchmark. Alpha: model intercept, not proof of skill. Report regression sample, factors and uncertainty.

Correlation: co-movement over matching observations; it can rise during stress. No causal relationship or permanent diversification is implied.

Portfolio structure

Record assets under management and date, concentration, holdings date, gross/net exposure, leverage definition, sector/geographic allocation and currency risk.

Borrowing, derivatives and short positions can create risks that a holdings list or NAV chart misses.

Liquidity and downside

Record dealing frequency, settlement, notice period, lock-up, gates, redemption fees and asset liquidity. Distribution yield is not guaranteed income or total return; payouts can include returned capital.

VaR and expected shortfall need a stated horizon, confidence level and model. They are estimates, not a maximum possible loss.

Trading-system statistics

Profit factor = gross winning trade P&L ÷ absolute gross losing trade P&L, on a stated cost basis. With no losing trades, do not present infinity as reliable evidence.

Win rate, turnover and trade counts need position-sizing context. Overlapping trades are not independent evidence; fund disclosures may not provide trade-level data.

Evidence confidence

Show observation count, frequency, duration, missing periods, independent verification and uncertainty intervals with the method disclosed.

Beware survivorship, backfill, selection bias, stale valuations and repeated strategy searches. Preserve failed versions and losing history; do not rank short studies as winners.

Fees: look beyond the headline

Record management fees, expense ratio, performance fees, hurdle/high-water-mark terms, entry/exit charges, trading spreads, financing costs and tax assumptions. Do not double-count fees already included in reported net returns.

Performance fees depend on the actual contract, crystallisation dates and share-class terms. A simple percentage illustration is not a fee invoice. Compare gross versus net returns and the total cost of ownership.

Investor.gov: fund fees and expenses · Investor.gov: hedge-fund risks and fees · Local fee and drawdown illustrations

Your fund due-diligence checklist

  1. Identify the legal fund, manager, share class, ISIN if applicable, domicile and currency.
  2. Read the current prospectus, investor disclosures and audited reports; record source and observation dates.
  3. Check manager permissions, custody/administrator arrangements, conflicts and investor eligibility.
  4. Compare net returns, drawdown, benchmark, costs and liquidity over the same dates.
  5. Record unknowns, losing periods and what could go wrong in a private Passport.

Central Bank of Ireland: authorised-firm register · US Office of Financial Research: aggregate hedge-fund monitoring

Aggregate industry statistics do not show the performance of a named fund. Registry entries are not return guarantees. Sentinel has no active fund referral arrangement on this page.

Before a future price feed is displayed

We need verified coverage and display rights, fund/share-class identifiers, currency, source, NAV/quote observation time, fetch time, delay status and market/session status. Private fund records require permission and verification. Until then no prices, league tables or fabricated equity curves are displayed.